The BMS is the 'brain' of a pack, continuously monitoring per-string voltage, temperature, and loop current, while balancing cells to slow consistency degradation.
On overcharge, over-discharge, over-current, or abnormal temperature, the BMS cuts the circuit or alarms to prevent thermal runaway from escalating. For electric wheelchairs and AGVs where safety is critical, BMS reliability is essential.
In PACK customization, BMS selection must be designed together with cells, structure, and use case—not bolted on later.